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The Earth revolves around the sun in an oval-shaped orbit. When it's tilted toward the sun, it receives more direct sunlight — and that’s what gives us summer.
During this time:
Days are longer
The sun’s rays hit more directly
The ground absorbs more heat
As a result, temperatures rise — especially in cities, where concrete and buildings trap heat.
A heatwave is a period of unusually hot weather that lasts for several days. It’s not just about feeling hot — it can seriously affect health, water supplies, farming, and even power systems.
In many places, heatwaves are becoming more common and intense due to climate change.
In recent years, summer temperatures have hit record highs across the globe:
India: Many cities often cross 45°C (113°F) during May and June. States like Rajasthan and Delhi experience severe heatwaves almost every year.
Middle East: Places like Kuwait and Iraq have recorded temperatures above 50°C.
Europe: Countries like France and Spain now face frequent heat alerts during summer.
USA: States like Arizona, Nevada, and Texas often deal with dangerous heat levels.
High temperatures can lead to:
Dehydration
Heat exhaustion or heatstroke
Dizziness and headaches
Dry skin and sunburn
Breathing problems for people with asthma or lung conditions
It can also affect crops, dry up rivers, and increase the risk of wildfires.
Here are some simple tips to stay cool and protected:
Wear light-colored, loose-fitting clothes
Use fans or air conditioning
Stay indoors during peak heat (12 PM – 4 PM)
Drink plenty of water
Avoid sugary or caffeinated drinks
Eat juicy fruits like watermelon, oranges, and cucumbers
Use sunscreen when going outside
Wear a hat and sunglasses
Walk in the shade when possible
Due to global warming, the Earth's average temperature is rising. Burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas adds greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, making summers hotter and winters warmer too.
If we don't act soon, heatwaves will become more frequent, last longer, and be even more dangerous in the coming years.
Even small steps can make a difference:
Plant trees — they provide shade and cool the air
Save energy — turn off lights and appliances when not in use
Use public transport or cycle instead of driving
Support clean energy and climate action